Medical English | Day8
2014/11/10 医学生
leukocyte
['lju?k?sa?t]
白细胞
词根leuk/o- 白色的
leukotriene 白三烯
leukorrhea 白带
leukomia 白血病
词组acidophilic leukocyte嗜酸性细胞
granular leukocyte粒性白细胞；有粒白细胞
mast leukocyte肥大细胞
leukocyte infiltration白细胞浸润
neutrophil leukocyte中性白细胞
heterophile leukocyte嗜异性粒细胞
例句This part of DNA codes the so-called Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) that plays a crucial role in our body's immune system defenses against diseases.
DNA编码的部分，即人体白细胞抗原(HLA)在人类抵抗疾病的免疫系统中扮演着重要角色。
cblog.chinadaily.com.cn
QuestionThe current Ebola outbreak that began in March 2014 is the largest in history. What makes this outbreakso virulent?
当前埃博拉疫情始于2014年3月，是历史上规模最大的。是什么原因使这次爆发毒力如此强大？
Answer It isassociated with a new strain of Zaire species, the most deadly of the 5 Ebolaspecies, with a reported case fatality rate of approximately 55%.
它与扎伊尔菌类的一个新菌种有关，是5种埃博拉病毒中最致命的，有报道
其死亡率约为55% (Ann of EM,epub, 10/23/14)。
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and the recent increase in obstetric acute renal failure in Canada: population based retrospective cohort study.
妊娠期高血压与近期产科相关急性肾衰发生率升高的联系：加拿大一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究结果
Azar Mehrabadi ,Shiliang Liu ,Sharon Bartholomew ,Jennifer A Hutcheon ,Laura A Magee ,Michael S Kramer
BMJ
2014-07-30
索引：BMJ 2014 7;349:g4731
中文摘要来源：张旭翻译 穆冰审核
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether changes in postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, or other risk factors explain the increase in obstetric acute renal failure in Canada.
DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
SETTING
Canada (excluding the province of Quebec).
PARTICIPANTS
All hospital deliveries from 2003 to 2010 (n=2?193?425).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Obstetric acute renal failure identified by ICD-10 diagnostic codes.
METHODS
Information on all hospital deliveries in Canada (excluding Quebec) between 2003 and 2010 (n=2?193?425) was obtained from the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Temporal trends in obstetric acute renal failure were assessed among women with and without postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, or other risk factors. Logistic regression was used to determine if changes in risk factors explained the temporal increase in obstetric acute renal failure.
RESULTS
Rates of obstetric acute renal failure rose from 1.66 to 2.68 per 10?000 deliveries between 2003-04 and 2009-10 (61% increase, 95% confidence interval 24% to 110%). Adjustment for postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and other factors did not attenuate the increase. The temporal increase in acute renal failure was restricted to deliveries with hypertensive disorders (adjusted increase 95%, 95% confidence interval 38% to 176%), and was especially pronounced among women with gestational hypertension with significant proteinuria (adjusted increase 171%, 71% to 329%). No significant increase occurred among women without hypertensive disorders (adjusted increase 12%, -28 to 72%).
CONCLUSIONS
The increase in obstetric acute renal failure in Canada between 2003 and 2010 was restricted to women with hypertensive disorders and was especially pronounced among women with pre-eclampsia. Further study is required to determine the cause of the increase among women with pre-eclampsia.
目的：研究产后出血、妊娠期高血压或其他危险因素与产科相关急性肾衰发生率升高是否相关.
设计：回顾性队列研究。
设定：加拿大(除外魁北克省)。
受试者：2003-2010年间所有入院产妇(n=2?193?425)。
主要结果指标：经ICD-10诊断标准确诊的产科急性肾衰。
方法：从加拿大健康信息研究所得到2003-2010年间加拿大(除魁北克省)所有院内分娩(n=2?193?425)的信息。根据有/无产后出血、妊娠期高血压或其他危险因素对产妇中发生产科急性肾衰的趋势进行评估。应用logistic 回归分析危险因素的变化是否可解释近期产科急性肾衰发生率升高的趋势。
结果：产科急性肾衰的发生率从1.66例/10000人(2003-2004年)上升至2.68例/10000人(2009-2010年)(升高61%，95%置信区间为24%-110%)。对产后出血、高血压及其他危险因素进行调整后，该上升趋势并未减缓。近期升高的急性肾衰发生率与高血压疾病高度相关(修正增长率为95%，95%置信区间38%-176%)，尤其是妊娠高血压合并显著蛋白尿的妇女(修正增长率为171%，95%置信区间71%-329%)。无高血压的妇女中未观察到急性肾衰发生率显著升高(修正增长率12%，95%置信区间-28%-72%)。
结论：2003-2010年间加拿大产科急性肾衰发生率升高，几乎仅与高血压产妇相关(修正增长率为95%，95%置信区间38%-176%)，尤其是先兆子痫的妇女。需要进一步的研究明确先兆子痫妇女中导致发生率升高的原因。
文献更多内容点击阅读原文
阅读原文
http://www.duyihua.cn
返回 医学生 返回首页 返回百拇医药