Medical English | Day17
2014/11/21 医学生

    

    

     dissect

     [da?'sekt; d?-]

     vt. 切细；仔细分析

     vi. 进行解剖；进行详细分析

     词根dis-表示分开，分离

     dismiss 解散，开除

     discard 丢弃，抛弃

     dispense 分配

     词组Dissect room解剖室

     Dissect Self自我解剖

     Dissect Microscope解剖显微镜

     gene Dissect基因破解

     例句Your assignment is to dissect the poem.

     你的任务是仔细评论这首诗。

     In biology class we had to dissect a frog.

     上生物课时我们得解剖青蛙。

     《21世纪大英汉词典》

     Question肖锋翻译和整理

     What type of allergy is the most common trigger for anaphylaxis treated in the outpatient setting?

     在门诊治疗的过敏性反应中，什么类型的过敏是最常见的原因？

     AnswerFood allergy. Milk and egg allergies are seen more commonly in younger children, while allergies to shellfish and fin fish are more frequent in teens. Peanut allergy has a high incidence and is consistent across all ages.

     食物过敏。牛奶和鸡蛋过敏较常见于年龄较小的儿童，而对贝类和鳍鱼过敏则在青少年中更常见。花生过敏在各年龄段发生率都很高(Am J Med, Vol. 127: S17)。

     The Impact of Hormonal Contraception on Disease-related Cyclical Symptoms in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

     激素避孕药是否影响炎性肠病女性患者的疾病相关周期性症状

     Lori M Gawron ,Adina Goldberger ,Andrew J Gawron ,Cassing Hammond ,Laurie Keefer

     Inflamm Bowel Dis

     2014-08-07

     索引：Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 2014 Aug;

     中文摘要来源：李宗儒翻译 董润审核

     BACKGROUND:

     Women with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) commonly report an increase in their IBD symptoms related to their menstrual cycle. Hormonal contraceptives are safe for women with IBD and frequently used for reproductive planning, but data are lacking on their effect on IBD-related symptoms.

     METHODS:

     We completed a cross-sectional phone survey of 129 women (31% response rate), aged 18 to 45 years, with IBD in an academic practice between March and November 2013. An electronic database query identified eligible women, and we sent an opt-out letter before contact. Questions included demographics, medical and reproductive history, and current/previous contraceptive use. Women were asked if/how their menses affected IBD-related symptoms and if/how their contraceptive affected symptoms. We calculated descriptive statistics and made comparisons by Crohn's disease versus ulcerative colitis on Stata V11.

     RESULTS:

     Participants were predominately white (85%) and college educated (97%), with a mean age of 34.2 (SD 6.2, range 19-45) years. Sixty percent had Crohn's disease, and 30% had IBD-related surgery previously. Half of the participants were parous, and 57% desired future pregnancy. Of the participants, 88% reported current or past hormonal contraceptive use and 60% noted cyclical IBD symptoms. Symptomatic improvement in cyclical IBD symptoms was reported by 19% of estrogen-based contraceptive users and 47% of levonorgestrel intrauterine device users. Only 5% of all hormonal method users reported symptomatic worsening.

     CONCLUSIONS:

     In a subset of women with IBD, 20% of hormonal contraception users reported improved cyclical menstrual-related IBD symptoms. Health care providers should consider potential noncontraceptive benefits of hormonal contraception in women with cyclical IBD symptoms.

     背景：

     研究报道女性炎性肠病(inflammatory bowel diseases，IBD)患者IBD症状的加重与月经周期相关。激素避孕药对女性IBD患者是安全的，常用于避孕，但是其对IBD相关症状的影响还未明确。

     方法：

     我们在2013年3月至11月完成了对129位18到45岁女性IBD患者的横断面电话调查(应答率为31%)。我们用一个电子数据库查询到了符合条件的患者，在打电话之前发信，提示患者可以选择退出。调查的问题包括人口学数据、病史和生育史，以及现在或以前的避孕药用药史。我们询问患者月经对IBD相关症状的影响，以及避孕药对症状的影响。我们用Stata V11计算了描述性的数据，并对克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎进行了比较。

     结果：

     受访者主要为白人(85%)和受过大学教育者(97%)，平均年龄34.2岁(标准差 6.2，范围19-45岁)。60%患克罗恩病，30%接受过IBD相关的手术。一半的受访者是经产妇，57%希望将来怀孕。在受访者中，88%现在或过去使用过激素避孕药，60%有周期性的IBD症状。使用雌激素避孕药者中，19%诉周期性IBD症状有改善。使用左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器者中，47%诉周期性IBD症状有改善。使用激素避孕药者中，只有5%的患者出现了症状的加重。

     结论：

     在使用激素避孕药的女性IBD患者中，20%诉月经相关的周期性IBD症状有所改善。医疗工作者应考虑到激素避孕药除避孕外可能为有周期性IBD症状的女性患者带来其他好处。

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