涨姿势，知道护士节护士周，居然还有注册麻醉护士周
2016/1/27 护士学习笔记

     科普一：首先科普CRNA。CRNA是Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist的缩写，基本可以理解为注册麻醉护士。很多人可能不理解怎么总是提“注册”，其实很简单，就是一个说法。打个比方，经商要有工商许可证，餐饮行业要有卫生许可证，到国家机关去注册了才能给你发证，你才能在这个专业领域从事工作。如果还不理解，说个简单的，有了学生证你才能进校门、餐厅用餐、或者图书馆借阅，这就是你在学校教务处“注册”了自己的身份信息，你是某校的“注册学生”，容易理解了吧。

     科普二：美国有麻醉师或麻醉专科护士的行业协会，AANA(American Association of Nurse Anesthetists)，关于这个具体专业领域的小知识或具体内容，可以自己百度一下。

     下面做个大概介绍

     CRNA Week is January 24-30, 2016

     2015年CRNA周的时间从1月24日到1月30日。

     Anesthesia was first invented around 1840. During the Crimean War in the 1850’s Florence Nightingale’s work as a nurse advanced the use of anesthesia to treat battlefield amputations and surgery. Anesthesia nursing was the first clinical nursing specialty also and helped to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing surgery.

     追溯麻醉的诞生要到大概19世纪40年代。19世纪50年代的克里米亚战争，弗洛伦斯南丁格尔在此期间作为一名护士进行工作，提高了对麻醉的使用，从而用于治疗截肢和外科手术。麻醉护理也同样是第一个临床护理专科，它帮助降低了手术中病人的死亡率。

     Throughout the years, from Sister Mary Bernard at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Pennsylvania in 1887 to Alice Magaw who worked at what is now Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, nurse anesthetists have played a key role in the care of patients undergoing surgery.

     多年以来，从1887年宾夕法尼亚州圣文森特医院的玛丽伯纳德修女，到现在是明尼苏达州罗彻斯特梅奥诊所工作的爱丽斯麦高，她们都诠释了麻醉护士在术中病人护理的关键性意义。

     Education

     教育

     As this nursing specialty has evolved so has the education required for it. The first formal program was developed in 1909 at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Portland, Oregon. Other early programs include: St John’s Hospital in Springfield, Illinois and Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri.

     随着这个护理专科的进化，对应的教育也要求要跟上。首个正式学科项目在1909年建立，地点是俄勒冈州波特兰的圣文森特医院。其他早起学科项目包括，伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德的圣约翰医院，以及密苏里州圣路易斯的巴恩斯医院。

     Accreditation of nurse anesthesia programs was implemented in 1952 by the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. Interestingly, a bachelor’s degree in nursing or a related field was required for admission to the nurse anesthesia program in 1986. By 1998, all programs were at the graduate level. The latest position paper by AANA is that all programs must award a doctoral degree by 2025.

     美国麻醉护士协会于1952年正式认证麻醉护士学科项目。有趣的是，1986年，护理学士学位或者相关领域的学位，相关学位毕业生都要求参加麻醉护士的学科项目。到1998年，所有相关学科项目基本达到本科水平。AANA协会最新的意见书中提到，到2025年，所有学科项目必须获得博士学位。

     (来源：国际护士执业水平考试)

    

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